Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While Selank is a peptide developed in Russia as an anxiolytic and nootropic; in animal models it reduces anxiety-like behavior and modulates immune parameters under stress39, Thymosin Alpha-1 is clinically used in some countries as an immunomodulator for chronic hepatitis B/C and as an adjuvant in cancer therapy, enhancing cell-mediated immunity41487.
While Selank works as a synthetic heptapeptide, Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, that combines a tuftsin fragment with a Pro-Gly-Pro motif and is reported to modulate GABAergic neurotransmission and cytokine balance while being resistant to proteolytic degradation39, Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid thymic peptide fragment of prothymosin alpha that activates dendritic cells and T cells primarily via TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling, enhancing Th1 responses and NK-cell cytotoxicity414.
Selank
Not clearly established in the current dataset.
Thymosin Alpha-1
Toll-like receptors, predominantly TLR9 (and also TLR2/TLR3) on plasmacytoid dendritic cells and other immune cells4
Selank
Not assigned in the current dataset.
Thymosin Alpha-1
PTMA
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Immune-modulating peptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Both are often discussed in Immunology and inflammation contexts, while Selank is more of a neuropeptide and Thymosin Alpha-1 is better described as a cytokine peptide. Both appear to work through Signaling modulator, but the functional emphasis still separates, with Selank leaning toward Anxiolytic and sleep modulation and Thymosin Alpha-1 leaning toward Anti-inflammatory. Selank has a more synthetic analog origin, while Thymosin Alpha-1 is closer to natural endogenous background and their development context also differs, with Selank approved for Research use only while Thymosin Alpha-1 is approved. Thymosin Alpha-1 incorporates acetylation features that are not part of Selank, while their sequence patterns also diverge, with Selank showing proline-rich features and Thymosin Alpha-1 showing protein-mimetic sequence features.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.