Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While PT-141 is FDA-approved for treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women and is studied for sexual dysfunction in other populations, increasing sexual desire via CNS melanocortin pathways42101, Semax is used clinically in Russia for ischemic stroke and cognitive disorders; in models it improves learning, protects dopaminergic neurons, and modulates stress responses without significant endocrine ACTH-like effects166174.
While PT-141 works as the synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist bremelanotide, an analog of α-MSH that activates central MC3R and MC4R to modulate neuronal circuits governing sexual desire and arousal3242101, Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide, Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro (MEHFPGP), that is an analog of ACTH(4–10) with a Pro-Gly-Pro extension and exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions partly via upregulation of BDNF and modulation of dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems40162165174.
PT-141
POMC
Semax
POMC
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Neuropeptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: PT-141 is more often discussed in the realm of Reproductive health, whereas Semax is more often associated with the realm of Neurology and brain health and Ophthalmology. Mechanistically, both point toward Neurotransmitter modulator and Signaling modulator and converge on GPCR receptor, although the downstream emphasis is not identical. Both are synthetic in origin and their development context also differs, with PT-141 approved while Semax is approved for Research use only. PT-141 takes the form of a cyclic peptide, whereas Semax is closer to a linear peptide, while PT-141 incorporates acetylation features that are not part of Semax.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.