Function
While Humanin exerts neuroprotective and cytoprotective effects in models of Alzheimer’s disease, ischemia, and metabolic stress, reducing apoptosis and improving cell survival7136141, PEG-MGF is used experimentally to enhance muscle repair and hypertrophy after mechanical overload or injury by stimulating satellite-cell activation and protein synthesis6373138.
Mechanism
While Humanin works as a mitochondrial-derived 24-amino-acid peptide that protects cells against diverse apoptotic insults by interacting with cell-surface cytokine receptor complexes and intracellular targets, thereby activating pro-survival STAT3 and other pathways7136141, PEG-MGF is a poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated form of Mechano Growth Factor (IGF-1Ec splice variant) comprising the 24-aa C-terminal E-peptide of IGF-1, designed to extend half-life while activating IGF-1 receptor–mediated anabolic signaling in muscle satellite cells637322138.
Length and Sequence
Humanin is 24 amino acids long, whereas PEG-MGF is the same length as it has a length of 24 amino acids. Humanin is made up of a sequence of Methionine, Alanine, Proline, Arginine, Glycine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Cysteine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Isoleucine, Aspartic acid, Leucine, Proline, Valine, Lysine, Arginine, Arginine, Alanine. PEG-MGF is made up of a sequence of Tyrosine, Glutamine, Proline, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Asparagine, Lysine, Asparagine, Threonine, Lysine, Serine, Glutamine, Arginine, Arginine, Lysine, Glycine, Serine, Threonine, Phenylalanine, Glutamic acid, Glutamic acid, Arginine, Lysine.