Acetyl tetrapeptide-5

is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation

Alanine

Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge

AOD-9604

is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials

Arginine

Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge

Argireline

is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner

Asparagine

Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge

Aspartic acid

Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge

BPC-157

is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects

Peptide record

Humanin

Peptide record

Humanin

Function

Humanin is a Mitochondrial peptide.

This Peptide exerts neuroprotective and cytoprotective effects in models of Alzheimer’s disease, ischemia, and metabolic stress, reducing apoptosis and improving cell survival7 136 141

Mechanism

Humanin is a mitochondrial-derived 24-amino-acid peptide that protects cells against diverse apoptotic insults by interacting with cell-surface cytokine receptor complexes and intracellular targets, thereby activating pro-survival STAT3 and other pathways7 136 141

Humanin is a Signaling modulator.

Receptor

Binds a trimeric cytokine receptor complex consisting of CNTFR, WSX-1, and gp130, and can also signal via the G-protein–coupled receptor FPRL1/FPR2136 141

Length

24 amino acids

Organism or Origin

Human mitochondrial peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA gene region76 85

Gene

MT-RNR2

Sequence

N-terminus

C-terminus

MAPRGFSCLLLLLTSEIDLPVKRRA 53

Methionine, Alanine, Proline, Arginine, Glycine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Cysteine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Isoleucine, Aspartic acid, Leucine, Proline, Valine, Lysine, Arginine, Arginine, Alanine

25 residuesapprox. 2782.43 Dacharge +4 / -2 / net +2hydrophobic 12 • special 3 • basic 4 • polar 4 • acidic 2

Sequence-derived properties

Length

25 residues

Molecular weight

2800.45 Da

Average hydrophobicity

0.48

Unique amino acids

15

Residue class composition

hydrophobic

12 (48%)

basic

4 (16%)

polar

4 (16%)

special

3 (12%)

acidic

2 (8%)

Charge-category composition

neutral

19 (76%)

positive

4 (16%)

negative

2 (8%)

Amino acid composition

Leucine (Leu/L)

6 (24%)

Arginine (Arg/R)

3 (12%)

Alanine (Ala/A)

2 (8%)

Proline (Pro/P)

2 (8%)

Serine (Ser/S)

2 (8%)

Aspartic acid (Asp/D)

1 (4%)

Cysteine (Cys/C)

1 (4%)

Glutamic acid (Glu/E)

1 (4%)

Glycine (Gly/G)

1 (4%)

Isoleucine (Ile/I)

1 (4%)

Lysine (Lys/K)

1 (4%)

Methionine (Met/M)

1 (4%)

Phenylalanine (Phe/F)

1 (4%)

Threonine (Thr/T)

1 (4%)

Valine (Val/V)

1 (4%)

Sources

7Evidence of natural selection in the mitochondrial-derived peptides ..., https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-41053-0
53Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.peptidejournal.org/peptides/humanin-mitochondrial-peptide-research
76Humanin - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanin
85MT-RNR2 - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MT-RNR2
136Humanin Inhibits Neuronal Cell Death by Interacting with a Cytokine Receptor Complex or Complexes Involving CNTF Receptor α/WSX-1/gp130 | Molecular Biology of the Cell, https://www.molbiolcell.org/doi/full/10.1091/mbc.e09-02-0168
141Humanin: a harbinger of mitochondrial-derived peptides? - PMC - NIH, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3641182/

Related articles

No related articles are linked to this peptide yet.