Comparison

Humanin vs MGF

Function

While Humanin exerts neuroprotective and cytoprotective effects in models of Alzheimer’s disease, ischemia, and metabolic stress, reducing apoptosis and improving cell survival7136141, MGF is upregulated in muscle after mechanical overload, where it supports tissue repair and growth; recombinant forms are studied for regenerative and performance-enhancement effects22138.

Mechanism

While Humanin works as a mitochondrial-derived 24-amino-acid peptide that protects cells against diverse apoptotic insults by interacting with cell-surface cytokine receptor complexes and intracellular targets, thereby activating pro-survival STAT3 and other pathways7136141, MGF is a 24-amino-acid E-peptide splice variant of IGF-1 (IGF-1Ec) produced in mechanically stressed or damaged muscle that activates IGF1R and local anabolic pathways involved in muscle repair and hypertrophy22138144.

Length and Sequence

Humanin is 24 amino acids long, whereas MGF is the same length as it has a length of 24 amino acids. Humanin is made up of a sequence of Methionine, Alanine, Proline, Arginine, Glycine, Phenylalanine, Serine, Cysteine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Leucine, Threonine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Isoleucine, Aspartic acid, Leucine, Proline, Valine, Lysine, Arginine, Arginine, Alanine. MGF is made up of a sequence of Tyrosine, Glutamine, Proline, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Asparagine, Lysine, Asparagine, Threonine, Lysine, Serine, Glutamine, Arginine, Arginine, Lysine, Glycine, Serine, Threonine, Phenylalanine, Glutamic acid, Glutamic acid, Arginine, Lysine.

Receptor

Humanin

Binds a trimeric cytokine receptor complex consisting of CNTFR, WSX-1, and gp130, and can also signal via the G-protein–coupled receptor FPRL1/FPR2136141

MGF

Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) 134139

Organism or Origin

Humanin

Human mitochondrial peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA gene region7685

MGF

Endogenous human IGF-1 splice variant (IGF-1Ec) 2213897

Gene

Humanin

MT-RNR2

MGF

IGF1

Related articles

No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.

Sources

7Evidence of natural selection in the mitochondrial-derived peptides ..., https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-41053-0
53Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.peptidejournal.org/peptides/humanin-mitochondrial-peptide-research
76Humanin - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanin
85MT-RNR2 - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MT-RNR2
141Humanin: a harbinger of mitochondrial-derived peptides? - PMC - NIH, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3641182/
22Mechano growth factor - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechano_growth_factor
97IGF1 Gene - Insulin Like Growth Factor 1, https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=IGF1
134Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1_receptor
138A Splice Variant of IGF-1 within the Growth Plate | PLOS One, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0076133
139IGF1 receptor signaling pathways, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29535161/
144Insulin-like growth factor 1 - Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1