Comparison

Epitalon vs Thymosin Alpha-1

Function

While Epitalon is reported to increase lifespan and reduce tumor incidence in animals, and to influence differentiation of neural and mesenchymal stem cells; is studied as an epigenetic regulatory peptide36, Thymosin Alpha-1 is clinically used in some countries as an immunomodulator for chronic hepatitis B/C and as an adjuvant in cancer therapy, enhancing cell-mediated immunity41487.

Mechanism

While Epitalon works as a synthetic tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), that has been shown to bind histones and modulate gene expression and chromatin state, with reported effects on pineal function, neurogenesis, and longevity in animal models36, Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid thymic peptide fragment of prothymosin alpha that activates dendritic cells and T cells primarily via TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling, enhancing Th1 responses and NK-cell cytotoxicity414.

Length and Sequence

Epitalon is 4 amino acids long, whereas Thymosin Alpha-1 is longer as it has a length of 28 amino acids. Epitalon is made up of a sequence of Alanine, Glutamic acid, Aspartic acid, Glycine. Thymosin Alpha-1 is made up of a sequence of Serine, Aspartic acid, Alanine, Alanine, Valine, Aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, Serine, Glutamic acid, Isoleucine, Threonine, Threonine, Lysine, Aspartic acid, Leucine, Lysine, Glutamic acid, Lysine, Lysine, Glutamic acid, Valine, Valine, Glutamic acid, Glutamic acid, Alanine, Glutamic acid, Asparagine.

Receptor

Epitalon

Binds nuclear histone proteins (H1, H2B, H3, H4) rather than a classic membrane receptor36

Thymosin Alpha-1

Toll-like receptors, predominantly TLR9 (and also TLR2/TLR3) on plasmacytoid dendritic cells and other immune cells4

Organism or Origin

Epitalon

Synthetic peptide modeled after a pineal gland peptide fraction; not directly encoded as a standalone peptide in humans36

Thymosin Alpha-1

Endogenous fragment of human prothymosin alpha produced in the thymus1487

Gene

Epitalon

Not assigned in the current dataset.

Thymosin Alpha-1

PTMA

Related articles

No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.