Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While Epitalon is reported to increase lifespan and reduce tumor incidence in animals, and to influence differentiation of neural and mesenchymal stem cells; is studied as an epigenetic regulatory peptide36, Setmelanotide is approved for chronic weight management in patients with POMC, PCSK1, LEPR deficiencies and Bardet–Biedl syndrome by reducing hunger and promoting weight loss92.
While Epitalon works as a synthetic tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), that has been shown to bind histones and modulate gene expression and chromatin state, with reported effects on pineal function, neurogenesis, and longevity in animal models36, Setmelanotide is a potent synthetic melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist derived from a POMC/α-MSH–related sequence that restores downstream MC4R signaling in genetic obesity syndromes3192100.
Epitalon
Not assigned in the current dataset.
Setmelanotide
POMC
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Neuropeptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: Epitalon is more often discussed in the realm of Aging and longevity, whereas Setmelanotide is more often associated with the realm of Metabolic and endocrine. Their biological logic is quite different: Epitalon is a signaling modulator and a gene expression modulator, whereas Setmelanotide is a receptor agonist. Epitalon has a more synthetic analog origin, while Setmelanotide is closer to synthetic design background and their development context also differs, with Epitalon approved for Research use only while Setmelanotide is approved. Epitalon takes the form of a linear peptide, whereas Setmelanotide is closer to a cyclic peptide, while Setmelanotide incorporates d-amino acid substitution features that are not part of Epitalon.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.