Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While Epitalon is reported to increase lifespan and reduce tumor incidence in animals, and to influence differentiation of neural and mesenchymal stem cells; is studied as an epigenetic regulatory peptide36, Selank is a peptide developed in Russia as an anxiolytic and nootropic; in animal models it reduces anxiety-like behavior and modulates immune parameters under stress39.
While Epitalon works as a synthetic tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), that has been shown to bind histones and modulate gene expression and chromatin state, with reported effects on pineal function, neurogenesis, and longevity in animal models36, Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide, Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro, that combines a tuftsin fragment with a Pro-Gly-Pro motif and is reported to modulate GABAergic neurotransmission and cytokine balance while being resistant to proteolytic degradation39.
Epitalon
Binds nuclear histone proteins (H1, H2B, H3, H4) rather than a classic membrane receptor36
Selank
Not clearly established in the current dataset.
Epitalon
Not assigned in the current dataset.
Selank
Not assigned in the current dataset.
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Neuropeptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: Epitalon is more often discussed in the realm of Aging and longevity, whereas Selank is more often associated with the realm of Neurology and brain health and Immunology and inflammation. Both appear to work through Signaling modulator, but the functional emphasis still separates, with Epitalon leaning toward Mitochondrial function modulation and Antioxidant activity and Selank leaning toward Anxiolytic and sleep modulation and Immune regulation. Both are synthetic in origin and both are still best understood as being approved for Research use only. They are also usually discussed through the same administration routes, namely subcutaneous injection and intranasal delivery.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.