Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While Epitalon is reported to increase lifespan and reduce tumor incidence in animals, and to influence differentiation of neural and mesenchymal stem cells; is studied as an epigenetic regulatory peptide36, PT-141 is FDA-approved for treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women and is studied for sexual dysfunction in other populations, increasing sexual desire via CNS melanocortin pathways42101.
While Epitalon works as a synthetic tetrapeptide, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly (AEDG), that has been shown to bind histones and modulate gene expression and chromatin state, with reported effects on pineal function, neurogenesis, and longevity in animal models36, PT-141 is the synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist bremelanotide, an analog of α-MSH that activates central MC3R and MC4R to modulate neuronal circuits governing sexual desire and arousal3242101.
Epitalon
Not assigned in the current dataset.
PT-141
POMC
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Neuropeptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: Epitalon is more often discussed in the realm of Aging and longevity, whereas PT-141 is more often associated with the realm of Reproductive health. Both appear to work through Signaling modulator, but the functional emphasis still separates, with Epitalon leaning toward Mitochondrial function modulation and Antioxidant activity and PT-141 leaning toward . Both are synthetic in origin and their development context also differs, with Epitalon approved for Research use only while PT-141 is approved. Epitalon takes the form of a linear peptide, whereas PT-141 is closer to a cyclic peptide, while PT-141 incorporates acetylation features that are not part of Epitalon.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.