Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While Setmelanotide is approved for chronic weight management in patients with POMC, PCSK1, LEPR deficiencies and Bardet–Biedl syndrome by reducing hunger and promoting weight loss92, SS-31 improves mitochondrial bioenergetics, reduces oxidative stress, and shows protective effects in models of ischemia-reperfusion, neurodegeneration, and other mitochondrial disorders4637137.
While Setmelanotide works as a potent synthetic melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist derived from a POMC/α-MSH–related sequence that restores downstream MC4R signaling in genetic obesity syndromes3192100, SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide, d-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2, that selectively binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing cristae structure, improving electron transport, and reducing ROS production4637137143.
Setmelanotide
POMC
SS-31
Not assigned in the current dataset.
Setmelanotide and SS-31 are noticeably different, with limited direct overlap in their usual biological context. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: Setmelanotide is more often discussed in the realm of Metabolic and endocrine, whereas SS-31 is more often associated with the realm of Aging and longevity and Cardiovascular health. They also influence different molecular systems, with Setmelanotide tracking more closely to Melanocortin receptor while SS-31 centers more on Mitochondrial membrane. Both are synthetic in origin and their development context also differs, with Setmelanotide approved while SS-31 is in Clinical phase 2. Setmelanotide takes the form of a cyclic peptide, whereas SS-31 is closer to a linear peptide, while their sequence patterns also diverge, with Setmelanotide showing protein-mimetic sequence features and SS-31 showing cationic amphipathic features.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.