Comparison

Retatrutide vs SS-31

Function

While Retatrutide is an investigational agent that produces very large body-weight reductions in early trials by simultaneously engaging GLP-1R, GIPR, and GCGR to enhance satiety, energy expenditure, and glycemic control2575, SS-31 improves mitochondrial bioenergetics, reduces oxidative stress, and shows protective effects in models of ischemia-reperfusion, neurodegeneration, and other mitochondrial disorders4637137.

Mechanism

While Retatrutide works as a triple incretin agonist peptide derived from a GIP backbone and engineered to activate GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors, with non-natural residues and fatty-acid conjugation that confer long half-life and balanced multi-receptor signaling256575, SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide, d-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2, that selectively binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing cristae structure, improving electron transport, and reducing ROS production4637137143.

Length and Sequence

Retatrutide is 39 amino acids long, whereas SS-31 is shorter as it has a length of 4 amino acids. Retatrutide is made up of a sequence of sequence data not available in the current dataset. SS-31 is made up of a sequence of Arginine, dimethylTyr, Lysine, Phenylalanine.

Receptor

Retatrutide

GLP-1 receptor (GLP1R), GIP receptor (GIPR), and glucagon receptor (GCGR) 256575

SS-31

Cardiolipin-rich inner mitochondrial membrane; interacts with cardiolipin and associated mitochondrial proteins rather than a classical cell-surface receptor46137143

Organism or Origin

Retatrutide

Synthetic multi-agonist peptide inspired by human incretins and glucagon657580

SS-31

Fully synthetic Szeto–Schiller tetrapeptide; not encoded in the genome4637

Gene

Retatrutide

Not assigned in the current dataset.

SS-31

Not assigned in the current dataset.

Sources

25What is the mechanism of action of Retatrutide? - Patsnap Synapse, https://synapse.patsnap.com/article/what-is-the-mechanism-of-action-of-retatrutide
65Retatrutide Molecular Structure and Properties | Peptide Protocol Wiki, https://www.peptideprotocolwiki.com/peptides/retatrutide/molecule
75Retatrutide: The Triple Hormone Agonist (GLP-1/GIP/Gluc, https://formblends.com/research/glp-1/retatrutide-triple-agonist-guide
80GLP-1 Localisation and Proglucagon Gene Expression in ..., https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6200298/
46Discovery of novel SS-31 (d-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2 ... - PMC, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11409442/
56Discovery of novel SS-31 (d-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2 ..., https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ra/d4ra05517a
137Mitochondrial protein interaction landscape of SS-31 | PNAS, https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2002250117
143SS-31 Peptide: Mitochondrial Repair for Energy and Longevity, https://revolutionhealth.org/blogs/news/peptide-therapy-ss-31