Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity, enhances glycolysis, reduces oxidative stress, and shows protective effects in models of metabolic syndrome, aging, and ischemia-reperfusion injury8135146, Setmelanotide is approved for chronic weight management in patients with POMC, PCSK1, LEPR deficiencies and Bardet–Biedl syndrome by reducing hunger and promoting weight loss92.
While MOTS-c works as a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide that translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism largely via activation of AMPK and modulation of mTOR and folate-cycle–linked pathways854140146, Setmelanotide is a potent synthetic melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist derived from a POMC/α-MSH–related sequence that restores downstream MC4R signaling in genetic obesity syndromes3192100.
MOTS-c
MT-RNR1
Setmelanotide
POMC
Both peptides fall into a similar broad context as Metabolic peptides, although the details of how they are used and discussed still diverge. Both are often discussed in Metabolic and endocrine contexts, while MOTS-c is more of a mitochondrial peptide and Setmelanotide is better described as a neuropeptide. They also influence different molecular systems, with MOTS-c tracking more closely to Mitochondrial membrane while Setmelanotide centers more on Melanocortin receptor. MOTS-c has a more mitochondrial-encoded origin, while Setmelanotide is closer to synthetic design background and their development context also differs, with MOTS-c in Preclinical development while Setmelanotide is approved. MOTS-c takes the form of a linear peptide, whereas Setmelanotide is closer to a cyclic peptide, Setmelanotide incorporates d-amino acid substitution features that are not part of MOTS-c; while their sequence patterns also diverge, with MOTS-c showing hydrophobic domain features and Setmelanotide showing protein-mimetic sequence features.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.