Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While LL-37 acts as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory peptide involved in host defense and wound repair, but can also promote inflammation and cancer cell proliferation in some contexts5215, MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity, enhances glycolysis, reduces oxidative stress, and shows protective effects in models of metabolic syndrome, aging, and ischemia-reperfusion injury8135146.
While LL-37 works as a cationic amphipathic 37-amino-acid cathelicidin peptide generated from hCAP18 that disrupts microbial membranes and modulates innate immunity, including chemotaxis, cytokine induction, and NET formation521586, MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide that translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism largely via activation of AMPK and modulation of mTOR and folate-cycle–linked pathways854140146.
LL-37
MOTS-c
LL-37
CAMP
MOTS-c
MT-RNR1
LL-37 and MOTS-c are noticeably different, with limited direct overlap in their usual biological context. Their typical research and application settings separate fairly clearly: LL-37 is more often discussed in the realm of Immunology and inflammation and Gastroenterology, whereas MOTS-c is more often associated with the realm of Metabolic and endocrine and Aging and longevity. They also influence different molecular systems, with LL-37 tracking more closely to GPCR receptor while MOTS-c centers more on Mitochondrial membrane. LL-37 has a more natural endogenous origin, while MOTS-c is closer to mitochondrial-encoded background and both are still best understood as being in Preclinical development. Their sequence patterns also diverge, with LL-37 showing cationic amphipathic and alpha-helical domain features and MOTS-c showing hydrophobic domain features.
No related articles are linked to these peptides yet.