Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While CJC-1295 is used in research to chronically elevate endogenous growth hormone and IGF-1 levels, enabling studies of body composition, metabolic, and anti-aging effects of prolonged GH exposure10, SS-31 improves mitochondrial bioenergetics, reduces oxidative stress, and shows protective effects in models of ischemia-reperfusion, neurodegeneration, and other mitochondrial disorders4637137.
While CJC-1295 works as a tetrasubstituted 29-amino-acid analog of GHRH(1–29) that acts as a potent agonist at the GHRH receptor and, in its DAC form, covalently binds serum albumin to extend half-life from minutes to days, resulting in sustained pulsatile GH and IGF-1 increase1082, SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide, d-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2, that selectively binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing cristae structure, improving electron transport, and reducing ROS production4637137143.
CJC-1295
GHRH
SS-31
Not assigned in the current dataset.
CJC-1295 and SS-31 are noticeably different, with limited direct overlap in their usual biological context. Both are often discussed in Aging and longevity contexts, while CJC-1295 is more of a hormone peptide and SS-31 is better described as a mitochondrial peptide. They also influence different molecular systems, with CJC-1295 tracking more closely to Growth hormone axis while SS-31 centers more on Mitochondrial membrane. CJC-1295 has a more synthetic analog origin, while SS-31 is closer to synthetic design background with CJC-1295 in Preclinical development and SS-31 in Clinical phase 2. CJC-1295 takes the form of a peptide conjugate, whereas SS-31 is closer to a linear peptide, while their sequence patterns also diverge, with CJC-1295 showing alpha-helical domain features and SS-31 showing cationic amphipathic features.