Acetyl tetrapeptide-5
is used in cosmetic eye formulations to decrease puffiness, eye bags, and dark circles by reducing edema and protecting proteins such as SOD from glycation
Alanine
Ala / A · hydrophobic residue · neutral charge
AOD-9604
is studied as an anti-obesity peptide that can reduce weight gain and increase fat oxidation in obese animal models with generally neutral effects on IGF-1 and glucose metabolism in early human trials
Arginine
Arg / R · basic residue · positive charge
Argireline
is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner
Asparagine
Asn / N · polar residue · neutral charge
Aspartic acid
Asp / D · acidic residue · negative charge
BPC-157
is investigated for accelerating healing of gastrointestinal mucosa, tendons, ligaments, bone, and nervous tissue in preclinical models, with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects
Comparison
While CJC-1295 is used in research to chronically elevate endogenous growth hormone and IGF-1 levels, enabling studies of body composition, metabolic, and anti-aging effects of prolonged GH exposure10, FOXO4-DRI acts as a senolytic in preclinical models by promoting apoptosis of senescent cells, improving tissue function and healthspan measures in aged animals38.
While CJC-1295 works as a tetrasubstituted 29-amino-acid analog of GHRH(1–29) that acts as a potent agonist at the GHRH receptor and, in its DAC form, covalently binds serum albumin to extend half-life from minutes to days, resulting in sustained pulsatile GH and IGF-1 increase1082, FOXO4-DRI is a D-retro-inverso peptide derived from a FOXO4 region that competes with endogenous FOXO4 for binding to p53, thereby releasing p53 to trigger apoptosis selectively in senescent cells38.
CJC-1295
GHRH
FOXO4-DRI
FOXO4
CJC-1295 and FOXO4-DRI are noticeably different, with limited direct overlap in their usual biological context. Both are often discussed in Aging and longevity contexts, while CJC-1295 is more of a hormone peptide and FOXO4-DRI is better described as a senolytic peptide. Their biological logic is quite different: CJC-1295 is a receptor agonist and a hormone analog, whereas FOXO4-DRI is a protein interaction inhibitor. CJC-1295 has a more synthetic analog origin, while FOXO4-DRI is closer to synthetic design background and both are still best understood as being in Preclinical development. CJC-1295 takes the form of a peptide conjugate, whereas FOXO4-DRI is closer to a linear peptide, CJC-1295 carries d-amino acid substitution features, while FOXO4-DRI instead reflects retro-inverso isomerization changes; while their sequence patterns also diverge, with CJC-1295 showing alpha-helical domain features and FOXO4-DRI showing protein-mimetic sequence features.