Function
While Argireline is a topical cosmetic peptide reported to decrease dynamic wrinkles by partially mimicking the mechanism of botulinum toxin in a non-invasive manner49, Melanotan I is approved in some regions for prevention of phototoxicity in erythropoietic protoporphyria and is studied as a skin-darkening, photoprotective peptide3444.
Mechanism
While Argireline works as acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Ac-Glu-Glu-Met-Gln-Arg-Arg-NH2), a SNAP-25–mimetic peptide that competitively inhibits SNARE complex assembly, reducing acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions and attenuating facial muscle contraction4959, Melanotan I is a linear 13-amino-acid analog of α-MSH (afamelanotide) that selectively activates MC1R on melanocytes, increasing eumelanin synthesis and providing photoprotection3444.
Length and Sequence
Argireline is 6 amino acids long, whereas Melanotan I is longer as it has a length of 13 amino acids. Argireline is made up of a sequence of Glutamic acid, Glutamic acid, Methionine, Glutamine, Arginine, Arginine. Melanotan I is made up of a sequence of Serine, Tyrosine, Serine, Nle, Glutamic acid, Histidine, Phenylalanine, Arginine, Tryptophan, Glycine, Lysine, Proline, Valine.